托福和雅思寫作區別?
我將考托福 ,表達的句子積累不夠 ,要背好句子,我手邊有一本雅思經典900句(寫作),不知道被了對托福有沒有幫助。我知道對英語肯定有幫助,知識這本書的內容是根據雅思常考的題目出的 ,雅思和托福作文常考的題目主題(不說形式,什麼獨立做文綜和作文,只說內容)有什麼區別嗎 ?雅思會問你對強制穿校服的看法觀點托福會問嗎?
作為一個理性的雅思考試分析者來看,雅思的總分過6.5分,甚至7分並不難,而難點就在於, 在同一場考試中,四門同時過6分,更不用說同時過7分了。(各位是不是都吃過虧);
那麼如何在同一場考試中,保持穩定的同時的考過四個6分(或者四個7分呢?)seems to be more of a real challenge ! 其中最關鍵的就是寫作和口語同時考過,本回答主要來討論一下寫作的提分問題。
這個問題要分為2個層次來回答:
一, 6分以內提高到6分:
要解決三大問題:
STEP ONE:語法問題:
這
里推薦100句常見語法和20組中國考生最常見的語法修改示範,其實一位同學犯的語法錯誤,總是那幾個,比如介詞沒搞懂,那麼介詞就是你永遠跨越不了的
坎;如果動詞時態沒搞清楚,那麼寫書信,寫大作文的例子的時候就特別容易出錯;還有,雙謂語甚至無動詞;無主語句子;時態的亂用
;動詞搭配問題,6複合句的亂用;副詞的使用;倒裝句的亂用;後置狀語和前置狀語;主謂不一致等等,常見的錯誤也就這麼多;多加提防;
這裡列舉了前三組帶有解析的語法分析:
第一組:介詞短語後面不接動詞原形以及完整的句子
1, Talking too much but doing too few gives rise to make others a
terrible impression.
正確形式:Talking too much but doing too few
gives rise to a terrible impression.
錯誤解析:因為give rise to 是介詞短語,後面是不能接動詞的,所以必須要修改為名詞形式,直接去掉make
others.
2, This above phenomenon can be explained by we change our attitudes
towards the lifestyles and by we lose interests on local history of indigenous
people.
正確形式:This above phenomenon can be explained
by changing attitudes towards the lifestyles and by losing interests on local
history of indigenous people.
錯誤解析:因為by 是介詞短語,後面是不能接動詞的,所以必須要修改為名詞形式或者動名詞形式,直接將change
和lose 改為changing 和losing.
3, When it comes to ask the questions about the clear definitions of
education and career success. People always hold divergent viewpoints.
正確形式:When it comes to the clear
definitions of education and career success, people always hold divergent
viewpoints.
錯誤解析:因為when it comes to是介詞短語,後面是不能接動詞的,所以必須要修改為名詞形式或者動名詞形式,直接去掉ask
the questions,是多餘的成分。另外when 引導的只是一個從句,後面需要真正的主句進行支撐,所以要把people小寫。
4, I still fail to pass the IELTS despite I have already collected
pencils with 9 kinds of colors.
正確形式:I still fail to pass the IELTS
despite pencils with 9 kinds of colors I have collected together.
錯誤解析:因為despite是介詞短語,後面是不能接動詞或者句子的,可以將其修改為名詞形式或者動名詞形式,將句子:I
have already collected pencils with 9 kinds of colors. 調整為:pencils with 9 kinds of colors I have collected together.
5, Many fans are crazy about love affairs of Hanhan, a well-known Chinese writer, despite
they know that he is a playboy.
正確形式:Many fans are crazy about love
affairs of Hanhan,a well-known Chinese writer, despite that they know that he is
sometimes a playboy.
錯誤解析:因為despite是介詞短語,後面是不能接動詞或者句子的,除了可以將句子修改為名詞形式或者動名詞形式,也可以將despite 修改為:despite that . 另外韓寒並不是總是playboy,所以加上sometimes.
6, Many
students refuse to give up unhealthy lifestyles despite they have understood
the negatives of illhealth effects.
正確形式: Many students refuse to give up unhealthy lifestyles despite the
negatives of illhealth effects.
錯誤解析:介詞不是連詞,一般後面只接名詞或者具備名詞性質的短語或者帶連詞的賓語從句,因此不能加句子。常見錯誤有:」despite,in spite of , during, because of , due to」, 也不能後接動詞。
7, Many poor
citizens always depend on the rich give support.
正確形式: Many poor citizens always depend on supports of the rich.
錯誤解析:介詞不是連詞,一般後面只接名詞或者具備名詞性質的短語或者帶連詞的賓語從句。不能接動詞或者句子。
8, Life
disorder can lead to damage an individual』s health.
正確形式:
Life disorder can lead to health recession of an individual.
錯誤解析:「to」在某些情況下,(如片語「giverise to , contribute to , pay attention to , conform to , lead
to」)都是介詞短語+名詞或者動名詞。
9, Nobody
could deny the importance of environment protection , for the simple reason is
that it is of far-reaching significance in the future .
正確形式: Nobody could deny the importance of environment protection, for
its far-reaching significance in the future.
錯誤解析:特殊的介詞,如:」for, since, after, before」在大部分時候都是介詞,不接完整的句子。
10, Individuals
have different attitudes for the definition of happiness.
正確形式:Individuals have different attitudes the definition of happiness.
錯誤解析:介詞後面不能再接介詞。注意一些比較特殊的介詞如:attitudes。
介詞短語加了句號錯誤表達: With the society develops. people begin to realize the
importance of biological balance.
正確形式:With
the development of society, people begin to realize the importance of
biological balance.(介詞短語不是句子,不能加句號)
第二組一句話不能有2個動詞,也不能沒有謂語動詞。
11,It is advertising makes customers buysomething impulsively.
正確形式:It is advertising that makes
customers buy something impulsively.
錯誤解析:因為 is 和makes 都是動詞,所以該句話有2個動詞,需要去掉一個動詞,本句中可以把makes 前面增加that,這樣後面就是定於從句了。
從而該句就只有一個動詞。
12,There is a research shows thatmany parents are depend on teachers
give support.
正確形式:There is a research showing that many
parents are depending on teachers who give support.
錯誤解析:本句的錯誤太多,主要是謂語動詞太多,要記住一個主句只能有一個位於動詞,而一個從句也只能有一個謂語動詞。而主句中的is和show就是多一個重複了,而從句中:are ,depend, give都是動詞,而只能有一個動詞。
13,ere was a famous Chinesebook describe a monkey , a pig , a sand monk
and a true monk go to west forpilgrimage.
,確形式:There was a famous Chinese book describing a monkey , a pig , a sand
monk and a true monk go to west for pilgrimage.
錯誤解析:要記住一個主句只能有一個謂語動詞,而一個從句也只能有一個謂語動詞。而主句中的was 和describe就是多一個重複了,需要將describe 修改為:describing 作為後置定語。
14,e number of the populationwas decreased in the 1990 to 1995, the figure
of population was increased inthe years of 1996 and 2000, the data was then
continue increase in the last 5years.
正確形式:The number of the population
decreased in the 1990 to 1995, the figure of population increased in the years
of 1996 and 2000, and the data was then continuously increasing in the last
5years.
錯誤解析:要記住一個主句只能有一個謂語動詞,而該句中的謂語動詞太多,
所以需要去掉was
並且將最後一個分句中的was
then continue increase 中的continue改成副詞continuously, decrease 改成was decreasing.
15,I earned the money is the least.
正確形式:I earned the least money.或者my income was the least.
16, was
a wolf come from Nanjing.
正確形式:I was a wolf coming from Nanjing.
17,ow there are always many new things come out every day.
正確形式:Now there are
always many new things coming out every day.
18,
謂語動詞:
錯誤表達:There
have many people believe that mobile phones are useful.
正確表達:There
are many people who believe that mobile phones are useful.
錯誤解析:(不存在There have的形式,而且There be結構後不能再加謂語動詞。)
第三組:逗號不能夠連接2個完整的句子
19,There are plenty ofuniversities in China , most of that are not good
enough.
正確形式:There are plenty of universities in
China , most of which are not good enough. There are plenty of universities in
China and most of that are not good enough. / There are plenty of universities
in China; most of that are not good enough. /There are plenty of universities
in China .Most of which are not good enough.
錯誤解析: 逗號不能連接2個完整的句子。所以需要將其中一個句子變成從句,或者使用分號或者句號來代替逗號。
20,cry , you cry.
正確形式:I cry; you cry. / I cry and you cry.
/ I cry. You cry.
21, We all tried our best,however, we lost the game.
正確形式:We all tried our best. However, we
lost the game./ We all tried our best; however, we lost the game.
錯誤解析:即使是however,也不能連接前後都是完整的句子,因為however是副詞,只有and 和but 這2個連接詞才可以連接2個完整的句子。
22 China has achieved great prosperity ,however ,its culture
suffered a lot.
正確形式:China has achieved great prosperity
.However ,its culture suffered a lot./China has achieved great prosperity;
however,its culture suffered a lot.
錯誤解析:注意這點和單獨的however, 將一個句子的主語和謂語動詞隔開的句子有本質的區別。比如:students,
however, always expect their high praise from parents and teachers. 該句中是一個句子,所以可以用however 將主語和謂語分開。
23,They always feel boring about visiting some places where they are no fresh and no extremely attractive
talking points, therefore, local museums and historical sites cannot be drawn
into much discussion as they are without cartoons, movie stars and sports.
正確形式:They always feel boring about
visiting some places where they are no fresh and no extremely attractive
talking points.Therefore, local museums and historical sites cannot be drawn
into much discussion as they are without cartoons, movie stars and sports.
錯誤解析: 注意 therefore, on the other hand, on the contrary 這些類似的片語或者副詞都是副詞成分,並不能連接前後都是完整的句子。所以需要修改為:
將逗號改為句號或者分號。
24, Student s are always tired of sitting in the classroom
for a whole morning, thus show their resentment
with the current teaching method.
正確形式:Student s are
always tired of sitting in the classroom for a whole morning, and thus show
their resentment with the current teaching method.
錯誤解析:thus 照樣是插入語,是副詞成分,不是連接詞,所以不能連接前後都是完整的句子。
2, STEP TWO:
當語法沒有問題的時候,(260字的大作文+小作文150字)總共語法錯誤不超過5個,這個要求不高吧?一般是要麼錯一大片,要麼就懂了,然後就好很多。
然後就是要解決另外一個很核心的問題,就是細化思維的問題;
通過細化思維來將題目進行有邏輯的流暢展開,並且的確是展開話題用的,是寫作得分的關鍵。
當考官看到類似,萬能開頭:With the development of...的時候,想必一定會皺眉頭。
「也許只有中國人會用吧。那為什麼像類似的開篇:with the development
of society and economy, there are more and more//increasing number of //,
the topic is a hotly-debated one, which arose our passion
towards the…, 然後再寫一波大的背景,然後開始寫作文切入的話題,這種思路嚴重破壞了雅思作文的評分標準(CC) 連貫性的問題。所以作文的開篇就必須要是直接切入話題(通過細化思維的描述,然後表明自己的觀點即可。)
中
文追求高語境文化容易宏觀化一些概念,也就是很大很空的話,類似於「新聞聯播」的發言稿。高中的作文的時候,寫的越大,不接地氣,越雲里霧裡的文章,越能
拿高分。這些華麗的軀殼並沒有嚴謹的邏輯。所以細化思維的訓練是非常重要的訓練,這個也可以從很多劍橋雅思後面的範文中可以看到。
所
以英文寫作一定要細,要寫清楚。有多細呢?我舉個例子。比如一篇金錢和幸福的關係,優秀的英文邏輯就是:「有了錢我可以買車,有了車生活會更方便,生活方
便了我的幸福指數就會提高。」無懈可擊的邏輯,perfect!然而中國人有可能會這樣寫:"Being rich could
boost one"s materialistic happiness. Moreover, it
could..."語法單詞基本都沒問題,但是寫了等於沒寫。。。什麼是materialistic
happiness?我們都知道中文是物質幸福,看似也很高大上。然而西方人的人腦迴路是無法直接get到的。。你必須要clarify
it。這些所謂很好並且很複雜的想法並不足以說清楚這些觀點。所以大家要記得要將自己的理性和智商同步下降,這樣才能達到英國人的水平和高度。
舉例說明如下:
細化思維的訓練中文擅長把一個抽象的問題變得更抽象,以大見更大;英文擅長把一個抽象的問題變得具體化
例子一: Today, the high sales of popular consumer goods reflect the power of
advertising and not the real needs of the society in which they are sold. To
what extent do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer and include
any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
4.5分的思維: Nowdays (竟然有人少寫了個 a) ,with society develops,
advertisements plays a more and more important role in modern society.
5.5分的思維: Nowadays, with the development of society and economy, advertisements
play a more and more important role in modern society. Some people said they
are helpful to give us much information while others do not think so. From my
perspective, I think ….
6.5分的思維: Nowadays, there are lots of advertisements on television or on the
streets. While someone doubt the usefulness and value of advertisements, I
still believe it is a positive trend with overt benefits.
7.5分的思維: Nowadays, there are lots of advertisements on television or on the
billboards. Some people think that the advertising boosts the sales of goods
and it encourages people to buy things unnecessarily. These arguments may be
true. In my country, many advertising companies produce advertisements with famous
and popular actors or singers. People, especially youngsters, buy goods that
their favorite singer advertise, although they do not really need the products.
8.5分的思維: Nowadays, no matter where you get around in a city or even in the
countryside, it is pretty easy for you to find one or two billboards
introducing products in the streets. Some people think that advertising boosts
the sales of goods and encourages people to buy things they do not necessarily
need. This argument contains some truth. In my country, advertising companies
often produce advertisements featuring popular actors or singers to induce
people, especially youngsters, to acquire goods which their favorite actor or
singer seems to endorse, whether they need the products or not..
細化訓練(例子二) In
some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between
finishing high school and starting university studies. Discuss the advantages
and disadvantages for young people who decide to do this.
4.5---5 分的思維
It is a
well-acknowledged that studying is not easy. Along with many benefits also
comes negative aspects. We should look
at both side before reaching a conclusion about wether working a year bring
more benefits or more problems.
5.5—6分的思維
Nowadays,
the ways to educate the youth become increasingly significant in such a
competitive society. The opinion that teenagers could have a year free from
school for traveling and work arouse a heated debate. Although there are both
pros and cons for the question, ,my view is that teenagers who are 10 something
to 20 something could have their own choice to decide where to learn and how to
learn.
6分的思維
It is hard for young
people to make the decision on whether they should work or travel before
starting university studies. Some consider it is an excellent chance for them
to practice themselves while others believe that it will produce adverse
effects on their life.
6.5-7分的思維
Thanks
to the gap year, nowadays high school graduates can be highly praised by their
strong abilities. While many young people are in favor of the attempt, older
generation tends to hold conservative attitudes. Personally, I believe
different types of media have their respective merits.
It is
quite common these days for young people in many countries to have a break from
studying after graduating from high school. The trend is not restricted to rich
students who have the money to travel, but is also evident among poorer
students who choose to work and become economically independent for a period of
time.
附上一篇關於考官範文的解析:
就是在沒有語法錯誤的前提下,通過細化思維和批判性思維進行寫作的典範;
第一篇: 抽象類話題分析:
題目:As
most people spend a major part of their adult life at work, job
satisfaction is an important element of individual wellbeing. What factors
contribute to job satisfaction?How
realistic is the expectation of job satisfaction for all workers?
題干分析:本題是相對抽象的社會生活類話題,對於中學生以及沒有上過班的大學生同學們有一定話題上的陌生感。但是即使是上班的「同志們」就一定覺得題目容易展開嗎?是的,中國人的答案在面對這個題目的時候是驚人的相似,可以預見,大家的答案往往是:money, power, promotion。這些對於工作滿意度的factors的回答本身是沒有問題的,但是難點在於不要忽視了去解釋和補充我們「為什麼把這些元素」看的比較重的原因。回答的內容本身並不重要,但重要的是如何解釋清楚。
Nowadays many adults (直接用adults 是細化思維的體現,不要只是寫people, 使句子更貼話題) have full-time jobs
and the proportion of their lives spent doing such jobs is very high. (首句不要寫太長的背景,要從第一句話就開始描述這個話題,而不是「with the development of society and economy ,
there is a hotly-debated topic about whether or not …這樣的套話,是註定讓你丟分的,接下來將變成一個考官驗證5分或者5.5分的過程。那為什麼不能寫模板呢?這樣的句子本身的質量不是很好?威廉老師告訴你,是因為背景寫的太大,緊接著就跳入非常具體的話題,這樣嚴重破壞了作文的CC(連貫性)這一評分標準)。 So feelings about
one』s job must reflect how an individual feels about his or her life as a whole, and
because of this, job
satisfaction is indeed very important for the wellbeing of that person. (順接的很自然)高手應該做到讓段落的內容的話題的範文不要太寬,要盡量剋制寫很多內容的衝動。你有沒有發現,當你從第一句就開始寫這個話題,從寫成年人的工作對於成年人很重要的前提下,自然就過渡到了「工作滿意度「的話題,因為話題窄,所以很容易構成有邏輯)。
Employees get job
satisfaction in a number of ways.(羅列式中心句,就表明接下來會有幾個具體的方面需要具體展開)
Firstly, a person needs to feel that they are
doing valued and valuable work, so
positive feedback from superiors is very important in this respect. A sense of
fulfillment is also(also 體現遞進,內在的邏輯)
encouraged if a worker feels the job is worth doing because it contributes to the
society or the economy as a whole. (先接結果後寫原因是高分作文特徵之一,這樣能有效避免觀點跳躍)Secondly, when
someone feels they are improving or developing their skills through training
opportunities,(很細節,並且符合邏輯的觀點,也許沒有工作經驗的同學不能夠想到) for
example, then there is a sense of progression
and purpose that rewards a worker. The sense of belonging to a team or a
working community also(遞進詞,體現內在的邏輯) contributes to job satisfaction
because colleagues help each other to enjoy their working lives.(先寫結果,後寫原因是高分作文的特徵之一)Satisfaction is also increased by a
sense of responsibility for and loyalty to a team.
該段落使用羅列式中心句,並且細化思維做的很好。在一個段落中就出現了:「valued
and valuable work,positive
feedback from superiors,A
sense of fulfillment,contributes
to the society or the economy,improving
or developing their skills,training
opportunities,a
sense of progression and purpose,sense
of belonging to a team or a working community,colleagues
help each other,a
sense of responsibility for and loyalty to a team 這樣的10個對於factors 的具體回答,並且能夠有效的能將這些細節名詞進行有邏輯的串聯的確是高分的作文的體現)所以觀點本身並不是最關鍵的因素,比如中國人通常所認為的:A reasonable income is quite
an important contributing factor because some basic survival necessities are
highly prices such as housing, cars and dressings and the social welfare system
is not fully accomplished. 只要解釋充分,話題的答案本身就不是最重要的了。)
Of course not everyone enjoys
their work. (直接式的中心句,直接對於第二個問題給予回答) Hard
economic realities mean that many people have little choice in the kind of job
they can get. (進一步解釋)In some cases an employee is working in
a job that suits neither their skills nor their personality. (分類解釋)Some jobs are repetitive and boring,and
labor relations may be poor and lead to resentment and insecurity rather than
to job satisfaction. (進一步的細化思維)
優秀的英文段落結構就像「瀑布「一樣,往細化的方向不斷的展
開,可以採取分組,解釋等方法,先明確的給出」對於問題回答的中心句,即先寫中心句,然後進行進一步展開的倒過來的細化展開的方式,而具有諷刺的是,中國
學生的答案往往在段落的中間就開始不斷的上升話題,從而產生很大的跳躍,習慣於用:which will contribute to
…//Ving 上升主題,最終達到聯繫到了「推動經濟發展,維護社會和諧」的最終主題( drive the economic
development and maintain social harmony),殊不知,這樣嚴重破壞了句子和句子之間的邏輯和連貫度。
However, even
though it is unlikely that all workers do feel happy in their work, I
think it is not unrealistic to promote more job satisfaction in any job. (典型的批判性思維的讓步句型,有承上啟下的作用。是8分作文最重要的特徵之一,從而使句子銜接變得特別到位) If
the factors identified above are implemented, then
any job can be improved and more workers can feel greater degrees of job
satisfaction. (批判性思維)。
總體點評:這是篇題目本身非常抽象的題目,經過作者的細化思維的一步步展開,讓我們對於「工作滿意度」這一抽象問題有的較為具體的認識,但更重要的是作者將每一個要展開的分論點都進一步的解釋和分析是得到高分最重要的原因。另外最後一段(even though, it is not
unrealistic 這樣的批判性思維能極大的提高CC連貫度)。
用今天美申君編寫的至美申留學官方博客的《雅思考試和托福考試有哪些區別詳解》來回答這個問題!屬留學準備期掃盲行動,已經準備很多的看官就不用浪費時間了,若才初期準備,還在糾結於是考雅思好還是托福好的家長和童鞋建議還是仔細讀一讀!
經常會有處於初期準備階段的學生或家長會問,托福考試和雅思考試區別的相關問題,今天美申君就結合美申留學資深顧問的一些講解,給大家整理一篇相對詳細的托福雅思考試區別相關資料!供大家參考!
美申留學資深顧問指出,通常托福和雅思的區別首先在認可範圍上的差異,托福主要為歐美國家認可,而雅思主要為英聯邦國家認可考試。當然最近幾年雅思在歐美部分高校也獲得認可。
托福和雅思考試的適用範圍區別:
美申留學老師指出,托福考試是全世界適用範圍最廣的考試之一,除澳大利亞外的所有英語國家都將托福考試成績作為申請本科、碩士和博士入學的必備成績之一。具體而言,托福成績廣泛適用於美國、加拿大、英國、法國、德國、愛爾蘭、紐西蘭、新加坡、日本、比利時、荷蘭、丹麥、芬蘭、挪威、奧地利、南非、香港等國家和地區的留學申請,而雅思獲得全球超過6000所院校認可,如英國、澳大利亞、加拿大、愛爾蘭、紐西蘭、荷蘭等國家優先認可雅思成績,其中澳大利亞學生簽證僅接受雅思成績。目前在美國已有超過3000所院校接受雅思成績(截至2010年7月),如頂級的8所常春藤聯盟院校全部接受雅思成績。法國、丹麥、芬蘭等歐洲國家的英語授課項目也要求雅思成績。
托福和雅思考試考試方式的區別:
美申留學老師指出,新托福通過互聯網與ETS總部組成區域網,為每個人發出不同的考題,而且考題一次有效。此外,網考通過電子方式記錄答案後,將答案傳輸到人工評分網路,並予以客觀、可靠的評分,從而確保考試的公平合理性。目前官方並未公布採用「機考」的消息,中國考生所參加的雅思考試仍然是以筆試的方式進行。
托福和雅思考試評分體系的區別:
新托福總分為120分,美國一些名校對新托福的要求看似並不高,只要求80分,相當於老托福考到550分,但是中國考生的分數一向相對較高,競爭大的前提下如要獲得哈佛等名校的入學許可,沒有考到新托福100分以上是比較困難的。雅思考試的成績分為1-9分9個檔次,聽力、閱讀、寫作、口語四個部分分別計分後,再算出一個平均分數。成績單上會列出四個單項成績和最後的總成績。若要申比較好的學校,理工類專業要求申請人雅思6.5分以上,文科類則要求申請人達到7分以上。
托福和雅思的區別:報名費用
托福網考報名費 ¥1415
托福逾期報名附加費 ¥200
托福恢復已取消成績 ¥160
托福轉考費 ¥600
托福成績增送費(6校/所)¥136
托福口語或寫作單項複議 ¥480
托福口語或寫作雙向複議 ¥960
雅思考試費 ¥1550
雅思轉考費 ¥500
雅思退考費 ¥750(實收¥700)
雅思複議費 ¥900
托福和雅思單項區別
托福和雅思考試口語部分的區別
美申留學老師指出,在新托福考試的口語部分,考生將戴上耳機聽考題,然後在限定時間內思考,最後對著麥克風在規定的時間內進行回答。整個過程考生面對的是機器、屏幕提示和讀秒指示,這種「人機對話」的經歷對考生的心理素質要求很高,若不經過相當的訓練,考生會感到緊張、壓力大甚至無所適從。雅思的口語考試是由考官和考生一對一的交談。考官會向考生髮問,如果考生不能理解問題,還能請求考官重複一遍。在回答問題的時候,考生能通過眼神交流、肢體語言等一些「人性化」的方式與考官進行交流。
托福和雅思考試聽力部分的區別:
美申留學老師指出,在新托福的聽力測試中,有相當一部分試題考察的是對非細節信息的理解。這些考察的內容包括識別說話者的態度、語氣、目的,對聽力材料信息進行歸納總結,對要點進行提煉,甚至對信息的組織安排方式做出判斷,這些問題的回答不僅要求考生聽懂某個單詞或某句話,而更要在聽懂的基礎上了解這些內容的內在含義和在整段聽力材料中所起的功能。雅思考試聽力絕大部分的問題都是要求考生從聽力材料里尋找某些信息,這些信息絕大多數都是一些細節事實信息。考生在做題之前一般可以通過預覽試題確定需要尋找信息的類型(如時間、地點等),甚至預測答案,然後在聽題的過程中把注意力集中在具體信息的搜索上,聽到相關信息即可確定答案。
托福和雅思考試寫作部分的區別:
美申留學老師指出,在新托福考試的主觀題部分,有一半的分值是由綜合寫作所決定的。對於這種問題,考生的回答是有「標準答案」的。因為在綜合寫作中所涉及到的閱讀和聽力的材料間都存在某種形式的內在聯繫,考生在回答此類問題的時候如果沒有準確地發現這種內在聯繫,或即使發現了但不能夠精確有效地把這種聯繫表達出來,那分數就一定會受到影響。雅思考試的主觀題部分基本上是考生自由發揮創作的過程。如雅思寫作的第二篇作文,一般是讓考生針對某個當代社會問題展開討論,提出自己對於某個問題的觀點。觀點的提出是很自由的,論證的過程也可以極具個性化,因為雅思寫作考察的不是觀點的正誤,而是考生用合適的論據證明自己觀點的能力。
托福和雅思考試的優劣勢比較的區別:
托福考試的優勢
1、與其他衡量英語語言熟練程度的考試相比,五分之四的招生負責人更注重託福考試,托福考試是評估學生的英語語言技能的有效手段,與其他英語語言考試相比,它可提供更為精確的分數,更有助於招生負責人作出招生決策。
2、托福考試是全球受到最廣泛認可的英語水平測試,被130個國家,逾7500所大學和其他機構所認可,其中包括英國和澳大利亞幾乎所有頂尖大學。
3、托福考試比其他考試更加輕鬆,全球超過165個國家,4500個考點都可舉行,為考生創造便捷條件,幫考生縮短時間和節省開銷,全部考試都在一天內完成—不像其他考試要求分為兩天繼續,節省了考生的時間及花銷。
4、托福考試衡量口語比其它考試更加公正,因為托福考試採用多人評分方式,不像其它考試只使用一人評分。托福考試使考生更輕鬆地參與口語考試環節,因為與其他英語考試相比,它消除了受試者的恐懼心理,同時可以提供更為客觀的分數。
5、享受美國的優質高校資源,申請美國留學托福成績是硬指標,無論是出國讀碩士,還是本科,還是出國讀高中,美國留學托福成績很重要,該成績比GRE、SAT的成績更重要。
雅思考試的優勢
1、雅思考試,讓你通行全球,雅思考試,在全球範圍內受到超過6,000所機構的認可,無論你想留學、移民、就業,還是檢測英語水平都是理想的選擇。
2、全球英語測評領導者,你值得信賴的英語考試,雅思考試由在英語測評方面擁有95年悠久歷史和豐富經驗的劍橋大學考試委員會設計研發,首創從聽、說、讀、寫四方面進行英語能力全面考核。
3、人人對話口語模式,考出你的最佳狀態,雅思認為,語言就是為了人與人的溝通。所以雅思首創一對一口語考試模式,考核你的真實英語溝通能力。你將在輕鬆的環境中與考官進行日常溝通,和冷冰冰的人機對話相比,能消除距離感和緊張感。
4、有好發揮,才有好成績,雅思採用的紙筆作答模式,符合中國考生的習慣,能消除面對計算機作答的不適應感,同時雅思良好有序、安靜、無干擾的考場環境,確保你快速進入考試狀態,讓你發揮出最佳水平。
5、貼心考試服務,便捷看得見,全國33個城市共設有39個考點,報名只需提前1-2個月,且能同時報考2場考試。全年更有48個考試日期,且多安排在周末,不耽誤你正常學習和生活。
1. 雅思寫作的小作文是難點,因為柱狀圖之類的小孩沒接觸過,而且時間20分鐘會亂寫。托福小作文考的就是聽力,聽力差就死掉。
2. 雅思的評分更加苛刻,所以雅思寫作拿到高分不容易。托福相對更加容易, 美國人很寬容
3. 大作文部分兩者共同話題比較多,但是由於性格因素,美國人喜歡錢和成功,英國人喜歡社會爭議問題比如建築犯罪老齡化。所以導致我目前看到一個題目就可以現場給學生寫一篇出來,謝謝兩個考試無所不包的範圍把我視野打開了。
總之,你聽力好你考托福,你喜歡紙筆你考雅思,兩者沒有誰比誰簡單,經常在某考場上課的本人說的,你不信會吃虧哈。
別去看那一大段一大段複製的東西,安心把語法梳理好,辭彙量準備充分,讓話說得有邏輯有層次,最後再考慮審題。
雅思寫作過7的,托福沒見過低於23的,托福寫作28的,雅思寫作也沒有低於6.5的。
雖然都是語言類考試,但是還是有不少區別的。小作文部分就不說了,托福聽力沒問題綜合寫作問題也不是很大。雅思A類小作文掌握動靜態句型及分析方法也不難。下面是關於大作文的區別。
1.話題背景。
兩者的共同話題有比如教育類,政府類,環境類,工作類,生活類。問題中所提到的強制穿校服的問題托福也有。但是美國人出的托福除上述話題外還更關心成功,朋友等接地氣的話題。但是雅思會偏向於人文關懷,比如犯罪,文化,動物保護,發展等問題。且雅思題目有時會出的文縐縐的,有很多單詞和表達較難,托福則很直白。
2.問題形式。
雅思問題比較多樣。分為report類和argument兩類。有時也會出兩者的混合題目。report類問三類問題,原因影響解決方法。argument問題形式較多,總體分為三種:同不同意類,雙方討論類和利弊分析類。根據問題不同,主體段的回答要有所區分。而托福較為簡單。改革後的iBT問題只有兩種,同不同意類和三選一類。且一般不會在題目中出現過難的單詞,或認為考生可能不認識該單詞,則會在括弧中進行解釋。但仍然要注意防止出現跑題的情況。
3.評分標準。
總體說來雅思比托福簡單,但是寫作要比托福難很多,且近幾年壓分現象較嚴重。如果題主有小分要求且並不擅長寫作,或者聽力口語閱讀沒太大問題可試試托福。
希望能幫到你。加油。
上面的老師都講的專業。我就給點「不專業」的分析吧。
我向來認為,講一大堆看似牛逼卻難以讓人理解的文字就是裝逼
我用一張圖來直白告訴大家到底有些什麼區別
雅思最關注的是教育類話題,而新托福的話題考察則規律性不強,基本以社會類考察為主。
其實新托福是機考,他有一套題庫的,作文的數量就那麼幾個,只要題庫里沒有的作文就絕對不會問道。老托福寫作題庫中有185個題目,新托福不知道,但是新托福完全繼承了這185個題目。
而這185個題目的問題模式和雅思都基本相似,也有觀點討論,優缺點討論,和分析原因類。
新托福的話,就這幾年機經的情況來看,它最常考的問題模式是Do you agree or disagree with the following
statement? 即討論類。
新托福作文部分新增一篇考查綜合能力的文章。要求考生用3分鐘的時間讀一篇學術性文章,然後聽2到3分鐘的相關講座的錄音,最後要求考生在20分鐘內寫下一篇字數在150到225的短文章。而大作文部分基本不變,字數比舊托福要求稍長。
雅思一大一小兩篇作文,小作文話題中的各種常規圖表、柱狀圖、線圖、餅圖等交替出現。大作文的話題出現比較全面,包括了政府、環境、科技、媒體、犯罪、文化、動物等各種爭議性話題。
兩者,考試中的大作文題都有全球範圍內進行考題輪換的趨勢,考生可以通過網上的「題庫」,作為參考練習。
雅思寫作過7的托福寫作一般在26-28之間,不謝
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