順勢療法治療效果怎麼樣？在何種情況下適合使用？

12-26

我兒子晚上睡覺總是夜咳，不是很厲害，白天又一點兒都不咳，持續快一個月了，聽到建議說可以用順勢療法，不知道是否靠譜？

不咋靠譜呢。順勢療法的兩個原理：
1. 以毒攻毒，致病物質在極稀釋條件下能治療相應病症；
2. 水分子可以「記憶」藥物的化學結構，因此哪怕稀釋到純水的地步也仍然有療效……
顯然都不科學，就算有作用也基本出於安慰劑效應。建議還是去醫院求診吧~
另外傳送一篇2002年的 systematic review of systematic reviews 供參考: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1874503/pdf/bcp0054-0577.pdf

此答案僅基於原引文章進行闡述，若有錯誤請多指正。
文章出處：【New Scientist magazine - 30 January 2010】
地址：Sign in to read: Homeopathy: Overdosing on nothing
因為需要付費才可觀看，便於梳理，將其部分必要信息進行摘抄並說明。

The discipline is based on three "laws"; the law of similars, the law of
infinitesimals and the law of succussion. The law of similars states that
something which causes your symptoms will cure your symptoms, so that, for
example, as caffeine keeps you awake, it can also be a
cure for insomnia. Of course, thatmakes little sense, since drinking caffeine,
well, keeps you awake.

Next is the law of infinitesimals, which
claims that diluting a substance makes it more potent. Homeopaths start by
diluting one volume of their remedy - arsenic oxide, in the case of arsenicum
album - in 99 volumes of distilled water or alcohol to create a "centesimal". They then dilute one
volume of the centesimal in 99 volumes of water or alcohol, and so on, up to 30
times. Application of Avogadro"s constant tells you that a dose of such a "30C"
recipe is vanishingly unlikely to contain even a single molecule of the active
ingredient.

The third pillar of homeopathy is the law of succussion.
This states - and I"m not making this up - that by tapping the liquid in a
special way during the dilution process, a memory of the active ingredient is
somehow imprinted on it. This explains how water is able to carry a memory of
arsenic oxide, but apparently not of the contents of your local sewer
network.

首先順勢療法的機理遵循三個"法則"：1.相似性；2.無限性；3.連續性
1.相似性：相似性表明，引起癥狀的某種物質也會治療此癥狀。比如說咖啡因使人保持清醒，從某個角度來說也能治療失眠。(其意義在於把想睡覺睡不著變成不想睡覺)當然這沒什麼意義，因為咖啡因讓人保持清醒。
2.無限性：稀釋物質會使之更有效。順勢治療首先西式一體機的治療物質(比如砷酸中的砷氧化物)，配以99體積的蒸餾水或者酒精形成"百分比"，然後再稀釋這種一體機的百分比溶液，配以99體積的水或酒精以此類推，到達三十次。阿伏伽德羅常數的運用告訴你一劑30C的處方不大可能含有哪怕單個分子的有效成分。
3.連續性：表明在稀釋的過程當中給以一種特殊方式輕敲液體，有效成分也就印在上面了。這解釋了誰是如何運載砷氧化物的。

Bonus:由此對比一下安慰劑的作用機理(暫且僅討論正向的Placebo，忽略Nocebo)：

1.病人期望效應（Subject-expectancy
effect）：

病人期望效應引導病人有意識或無意識地報告病情得到改善，因此導致安慰劑效應的出現。Asbj?rn Hróbjartsson 及Peter C. G?tzsche 於文章中質疑「大部份病人有禮貌地傾向為迎合實驗人員而報告病情得到改善，即使他們並不感到改善。」主觀的偏見亦可能使病人潛意識相信病情因為得到關注及照料而改善。

2.條件反射：
關聯學習模式，使受訓者學習到特定情況下作出特定的反應。
相關問題：什麼是安慰劑效應？安慰劑效應與哪些因素有關？

AT 10.23 am on 30 January, more than 300 activists in the UK, Canada,
Australia and the US will take part in a mass homeopathic "overdose". Sceptics
will publicly swallow an entire bottle of homeopathic pills to demonstrate to
the public that homeopathic remedies, the product of a scientifically unfounded
18th-century ritual, are simply sugar pills.

Many of the sceptics will swallow 84 pills of arsenicum album, a homeopathic
remedy based on arsenic which is used to treat a range of symptoms, including
food poisoning and insomnia.

The aim of the "10:23" campaign, led by
the Merseyside Skeptics Society, based in Liverpool, UK, is to raise public
awareness of just exactly what homeopathy is, and to put pressure on the UK"s
leading pharmacist, Boots, to remove the remedies from sale.

The
campaign is called 10:23 in honour of the Avogadro constant (approximately 6 ×
1023, the number of atoms or molecules in one mole of a substance), of which
more later.

That such a protest is even necessary in 2010 is
remarkable, but somehow the homeopathic industry has not only survived into the
21st century, but prospered. In the UK alone more than ￡40 million is spent
annually on homeopathic treatments, with ￡4 million of this being sucked from
the National Health Service budget. Yet the basis for homeopathy defies the laws
of physics, and high-quality clinical trials have never been able to demonstrate
that it works beyond the placebo effect.

該文發布的當周來自過節看以團體打算證明關於順勢療法的真相，即葯里實際上什麼都沒有。
2010年1月30日早上10:23，300多名來自多個國家的激進分子參加一場大規模順勢療法「配藥過量」的抗議活動。懷疑者將公開吞下一整瓶順勢療法藥片，以證明其只是糖片。吞下的是基於砷的順勢治療法的藥物，砷用來治療多數病症包括食物中毒和失眠。雖然2010年的抗議時十分必要的但莫名其妙的是順勢療法不僅存活到21世紀，而且繁榮。當然，順勢療法的原則公然挑釁物理學原則，高質量的臨床試驗從未能證明它比安慰劑更有效果。(其三大原則見上段)

The final preparation is generally dropped onto a sugar pill which the patient
swallows.

Homeopaths claim that the application of these three laws
results in a remedy that, even though it contains not a single molecule of the
original ingredient, somehow carries an "energy signature" of it that nobody can
measure or detect.

(1)Unsurprisingly, when tested under rigorous
scientific conditions, in randomised, controlled and double-blind trials,
homeopathic remedies have consistently been shown to be no better than a
placebo. Of course, the placebo effect is quite powerful, but it"s a bit like
justifying building a car without any wheels on the basis that you can still
enjoy the comfy leather seats and play with the gear shift.

(2)Even some
retailers who sell the treatments have admitted there is no evidence that they
work. In November, Paul Bennett, the superintendent pharmacist at Boots,
appeared before the UK parliament"s Commons Science and Technology Committee"s
"evidence check" on homeopathy. He was questioned by Member of Parliament Phil
Willis, who asked: "Do they work beyond the placebo effect?"(3)"I have
no evidence before me to suggest that they are efficacious," Bennett replied. He
defended Boots"s decision to sell homeopathic remedies on the grounds of
consumer choice. "A large number of our consumers actually do believe they are
efficacious, but they are licensed medicinal products and, therefore, we believe
it is right to make them available," he said.

這兩段就是關於其的一些爭論和答記者問(囧)，只說三點重要的加黑體字：
1.當在嚴格科學條件下隨機抽樣測驗，結果則是其不比安慰劑效果好。當然安慰劑效果給力。
2.甚至一些賣這種葯的零售商坦言沒證據證明這種葯有效。
3.Boots首席藥劑師在答記者問時候表示沒證據證明其有效。(當然他有辯解說很多消費者覺得有效並且得到許可，所以買這種葯是正確的。)

You might agree. You might also argue that homeopathy is harmless: if people
want to part with their money for sugar pills and nobody is breaking the law,
why not let them? To some extent that"s true - there"s only so much damage you
can do with sugar pills short of feeding them to a diabetic or dropping a large
crate of them on someone"s head.

However, we believe there is a risk
in perpetuating the notion that homeopathy is equivalent to modern medicine.
People may delay seeking appropriate treatment for themselves or their children.

依然只說黑體字：順勢療法等效於現代藥物的想法是危險的，人們也許會延遲為自己或後代尋找合適治療方法的時機。
以下是剩餘全文，不譯。

We accept that we are unlikely to convince the true believers. Homeopathy has
many ways to sidestep awkward questions, such as rejecting the validity of
randomised controlled trials, or claiming that homeopathic remedies only work if
you have symptoms of the malady they purport to cure. Our aim is to reach out to
the general public with our simple message: "There is nothing in
it".

Boots and other retailers are perfectly entitled to continue
selling homeopathic remedies if they so wish, and consumers are perfectly
entitled to keep on buying them. But hopefully the 10:23 campaign will ram home
our message to the public. In the 21st century, with decades of progress behind
us, it is surreal that governments are prepared to spend millions of tax pounds
on homeopathy. There really is nothing in it.

啰嗦這麼多，最後Wikipedia的話作為結論：

The scientific community regards homeopathy as nonsense, quackery or a sham, and homeopathic practice has been criticized as unethical. The axioms of homeopathy are long refuted and lack any biological plausibility. Although some clinical trials produce positive results, systematic reviews reveal that this is because of chance, flawed research methods, and reporting bias. The postulated mechanisms of action of homeopathic remedies are not only scientifically implausible but precluded by the laws of physics.

科學界視為廢話、騙術或深水的順勢療法和順勢療法實踐一直被批評為不道德。順勢療法的原理是被長期駁斥的且缺乏任何生物學依據的。雖然一些臨床試驗取得積極的成果，但在系統評價上僅證明這是由於偶然、有缺陷的研究方法和報告偏差。順勢療法的假設效用機制不只是科學上的無說服力並且也排除由物理規律產生的效果。

順勢療法的兩大前提：一，請遵醫囑，二，記住它是一種替代療法，不是主要的治療手段。

從題目的說明上看來，這位孩子的咳嗽癥狀還沒有找到病因。這種情況可能性很多，變異性哮喘或者支氣管炎，甚至或者只是單純的床上用品使用不當導致過敏，都可能導致此類問題。我不是醫學專業出身所以不能給有意義的意見，但作為基本的醫療常識，我建議提問者還是到可靠的大醫院確診問題，而不是在這裡慌裡慌張地找替代治療。

據我所知，國內的醫學專業並不認可所謂順勢療法。不要因為猶豫耽誤了孩子的治療。

順勢療法的中心理論在中醫里也有（至於那些稀釋啊什麼的操作方式，完全不懂是什麼意思，「水有記憶」又是什麼鬼），中醫基礎理論教材上寫的「通因通用」「塞因塞用」之類的便是，若不知道這些治法背後的理論意義，看上去確實是在說「能產生某種效果的葯能治療具有這種效果的疾病」——如果哪個中醫生真的這麼理解了，只能說他基礎課可能沒上好

如果順勢療法真的如介紹故事裡講的那樣是塞繆爾從古刊上扒來的，那麼還得看看這個古刊到底是怎麼描述的，但個人猜測，這療法很可能是一個剝落於西方傳統醫學的「畸胎」——脫離理論，只講用法

若假設西方傳統醫學的理論內容和中醫的內容十分近似——有人肯定會說「就是近似的啊」，實際上未必，因為希波克拉底的醫術很可能是從別的地方學來的，可能存在語言和思維方式上的差異，進而很可能導致不能準確傳達別人的理論內容與內涵，以至於為後世越來越多的錯誤解讀留下了空隙，關於這一點，看看中文範圍內一樣會出現錯誤解讀前人文字的情況便知，何況還夾雜著翻譯的情況——那麼這種用法與理論脫離（或者對理論的錯解）產生的「畸胎」，在西方傳統醫學走向近現代醫學的路上，可以說一路都有；也因為一路的錯誤，還整出了個新的知識系統，這些錯誤反而堂而皇之地變成了醫學進步史的一環。

似乎第一次寫與自己生活相關的答案。首先聲明我是中醫順勢療法受益者。它其實本來叫做順勢療法，只是把純化學試劑用中藥替代，通過無窮小計量把中藥裡面的毒性去除。因為用了中藥，也便於中國人接受，所以叫做中醫順勢療法。國家也頒發了中醫順勢醫學相關的八個牌照。具體牌照名稱可百度。進入正題。看了部分回答，說其是安慰劑。。。可是畢竟，當稀釋大於阿伏伽德羅常數的時候，會有功能聚合體。在上課的時候問過生化老師。。。暴露是學生黨。。。我身邊很多人都用了順勢療法，都取得很好的療效，並且我自己也是……12年查出來慢性腎小球腎炎……先去了中國最好的治療腎病的西醫院，未果，又去了中國最好的治療腎病的中醫院，未果，又用了民間土方，未果。終於在轉成腎病綜合症前遇到了順勢療法，已然痊癒。據我所知，中國唯一頒發順勢療法的牌照只有一家！不說具體名字，仍然自行百度。希望能幫到你……雖然好像說了一點廢話……只是順勢療法對於調理慢性疾病很好。很好。親身經歷，呃，不喜勿噴，寶寶害怕。

順勢療法是一個運用相似者能治癒法則(like cures like，好多人解釋以毒攻毒是不正確的）以單一法則處方的醫療方式，注重的是個人化的處理，建議去找合資格的順勢療法醫生處理，這樣才能保證治療效果，據了解國內的中醫順勢醫學並非正規。
治療效果可以查看2011年瑞士聯邦社會保險部委任專家仔細檢討研究順勢療法於國內的治療成果，瑞士健康技術評估(HTA)的報告題目為《醫療系統中的順勢療法-有效性、適用性、安全性同醫療成本》

順勢療法屬於替代醫學，本身的理論違反物理定律幾乎不可能是對的。
不過由於它的「有效成分」過於稀釋，本身其實跟純凈水差不多，所以副作用不多，比較安全，可以作為OTC來賣。
對於小兒咳嗽，建議先看醫生排查原因。如果找不到什麼問題，孩子其他方面也正常，只是不明原因的咳嗽，倒不是不可以考慮順勢療法。這是因為，很多止咳糖漿是不能給小孩吃的（比如含有DM的）。不過，對於療效，跟安慰劑沒什麼區別。所以，想通這一點，你也可以自己準備點糖水跟孩子說是止咳水。但是，很多時候小兒替代療法與其說是給孩子的安慰劑，毋寧說是給家長的安慰劑——因為家長總覺得自己要做點什麼不能放任孩子咳嗽下去。

總之。順勢療法就跟安慰劑差不多。使用狀況：在本身沒有害處，且沒有什麼有效的現代醫療手段的情況下可以酌情使用。

沒用偽科學現在在中國和傳銷緊密掛鉤基本上誇順勢醫療好的不是文盲就是被傳銷洗腦了藥物也不是宣傳所說的純天然會在裡面偷偷添加各種西藥別碰

我想學習順勢療法。

我的牧師（歐洲人），在34歲患上了癌症，當時被醫生診斷不可能活過1.5-2年，於是他在歐洲接受了順勢療法，然後我的牧師現在70多歲了，那位說他不可能久活醫師的已經仙逝了。