而「finale」和「adobe」更簡單,因為借詞的的出處是用拉丁字母拼寫的(分別是義大利語和西班牙語),沒有轉寫過程。英語把這些詞借來之後當然盡量還是想模仿原來的發音,把最後的 e 視作開音節核心部分的 e(英語單詞 me 那樣的)而非詞尾不發音的 e,於是就 /i?/ 了。而且「finale」的第一個音節發音也保留了下來,沒有變成徹底英化的 /fa?/,或許和它不在重音上也有關係。
一開始我以為這些 /i?/ 純粹是英語里找不到對應母音所以妥協到這個音,但後來考慮到法語借詞中的 é 發音比古希臘語、拉丁語、義大利語、西班牙語的 e 母音發音更高一些,卻用 /e?/ 來發音(比如 fiancé),想到英語里應該已經不把「Nike」、「finale」、「adobe」里的 e 看作特殊外來字母了,純粹按照英語開音節發音(而且在 Great Vowel Shift 之前,英語里 e 的發音是與歐陸一致的),僅僅保留音節結構。而英語里保留了法語 é 的特殊寫法,所以能給法語 é 分配一個更接近的音 /e?/。
I have heard Jeff Johnson (employee #1) and others who were present in the early days of the company (when it was called Blue Ribbon Sports) talk about the choice of the new name, and Jeff never claimed to have "conjured up" the name Nike. Rather, as I have heard him tell the story, during the time when the company was searching for a new name he dreamed of Nike (the goddess), and in the morning told Phil Knight and others about his dream, and they all agreed that Nike was a good name.
Beyond that, I can only add that as Thomas Wier and others have observed, as a Greek name, Nike follows the rules of English pronunciation for Greek names.
The short answer is because the pronunciation of Ancient Greek changed in the English speaking world along with the pronunciation of English. The Greek word Nike (pronounced /nike/ or "nee-kay") became /naiki/ or "nye-kee".
Before the 14th century, Latin texts in English were pronounced with roughly the same vowels you find in French: a, e, i, o, and u, were ah, eh, ee, oh, and oo. Greek was only rarely studied at that time, but its vowels were pronounced roughly the same. English was the same, too: ah eh ee oh oo.
14世紀以前,在英語中,拉丁文本被簡單粗暴地讀作法語里所能找到的相同母音:a, e, i, o, 和u, 讀作ah, eh, ee, oh, 和oo。那時希臘語很少被研究,但它的母音發音也大致相同。英語也是一樣的發音:ah eh ee oh oo.
Then around the late 14th century, sometime between the advent of the Black Death and the middle of the next century, the pronunciation of English began to change radically: all the original vowels of English began to shift in the direction of their current values: the Great Vowel Shift
Modern linguists don"t have particularly good explanations for why chain shifts of this sort happen, but they probably begin for completely nonlinguistic reasons, and once they begin language internal motivations become increasingly important. In this case, we do know that half the population died from plague, and that this resulted in both a genetic and linguistic bottleneck reshuffling the set of properties of the language population. One of the specific effects of this shift was that original long /e:/ "ay"-sounds came to be pronounced as /i:/ "ee"-sounds. Later, word-final schwa /?/ sounds were completely lost.
Now, crucially, during this period, unless English speakers were in direct contact with other languages, they had no way of knowing how the language of a given written text should be pronounced. So, as their own English language began to change, they began to pronounce the language they learned from texts with the same vowel sounds that they used for English. This is why many terms of legal Latin to this day sound sort of "mangled" from their original pronunciation: sine die as /saini dai/ rather than /sine die/; a priori as /ei praiori/ rather than /a priori/, etc.
關鍵是在此期間,除非說英語的人直接接觸其他語言,否則他們無從得知給定的書面文本應該如何發音。所以,正如他們的母語英語曾發生變化,他們也開始按照英語母音的發音去拼讀文本中的其他語言。這就是為什麼如今的許多拉丁用語聽上去有些變味了: sine die讀作/saini dai/,而不是/sine die/; a priori 讀作/ei praiori/,而不是/a priori/, 諸如此類。
Now, Latin is not Greek, but Greek was also primarily a written and not a spoken language for contemporary English speakers, and so they began to pronounce many Greek words (often through the medium of Latin) as if they were English too. These Greek words had word-final long /e:/, and they thus changed their pronunciation to /i/. In contrast, most word-final orthographic &"s in Middle English were not /e:/ before the Great Vowel Shift, but a short schwa /?/, and most all word final schwas were lost in the change from Middle English to modern English. In other words, the word-final & of & in Middle English and the word-final & of & were originally different sounds, /e:/ and /?/ respectively, and so they ended up sounding different after the shift.